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| New Haven, Kentucky ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
New Haven, Kentucky
New Haven is a 6th-class city in Nelson County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 849 at 2000 census.
==History==
New Haven was founded as "Pottinger's Landing" in 1781 and renamed New Haven in 1819 by Samuel Pottinger Jr. after the Connecticut town. It was incorporated as a city by the Commonwealth in 1839,〔 with the first elected City Manager being Silvester Johnson. In 1856, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad arrived in town, eclipsing what had been a thriving flat-boating business on the Rolling Fork River. Pottinger's original landing site was purchased by the railroad and demolished to make room for the roadbed and bridge.
In late 1861, the town was occupied by Union forces and a training camp was established for the 15th Kentucky Infantry and later the 28th Kentucky Infantry. The railhead and post office at New Haven were used to support Camp Wickliffe, a Union infantry training camp in nearby LaRue County. In mid-September 1862, General Braxton Bragg's Confederate army marched through New Haven during its invasion of Kentucky, leaving the 3rd Georgia Cavalry Regiment to occupy the town, guarding the railroad bridge and the turnpike bridge over the Rolling Fork River. On September 26, a Union cavalry column, consisting of elements of the 2nd Indiana Cavalry, 1st Kentucky Cavalry, and 3rd Kentucky Cavalry, assaulted the town, capturing nearly the entire 3rd Georgia Cavalry, as well as a number of patients being treated in a primitive hospital at the Methodist Church. The Union army returned in early October, with the arrival of the 78th Illinois Infantry, who were given the task of guarding the L&N railroad lines in the area. Fortifications were built at each major bridge crossing the Rolling Fork River, including New Haven, where the regiment established its headquarters. During Morgan's Christmas Raid of 1862, the fortification at New Haven was attacked by three companies of the Confederate 9th Kentucky Cavalry and a single 12-lb. Mountain Howitzer on the morning of December 30. After 90 minutes of combat, the Confederates broke off the attack having inflicted no damage to the fort but suffering around 5-7 wounded. The town itself suffered from a number of artillery hits that managed to damage both taverns in town. The fortifications were occupied by a number of different units until early 1864 and were burned to the ground by the Magruder's Guerilla gang in September 1864. From mid-1864 until the end of the war, New Haven acted as a base for a number of anti-guerilla units, the most famous being led by Major Cyrus J. Wilson.
After the Civil War, New Haven was well known as a center for the liquor trade, there being a large number of distilleries within a short distance. This bustling town had grown to a population of over 1200 by 1910, but the population fell quickly after the advent of Prohibition in 1919.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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